Which artistic form is often associated with the expression of African American resilience and resistance?

Jazz music is often associated with the expression of African American resilience and resistance due to its historical roots and cultural significance. Emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in places like New Orleans, jazz served as a pivotal artistic outlet for African Americans during times of oppression, segregation, and social injustice. The improvisational nature of jazz reflects the spirit of creativity and adaptability in the face of adversity, embodying themes of struggle, hope, and community.

Additionally, jazz musicians often infused their music with messages of social and political commentary, making it a powerful vehicle for resistance against racial injustices. Iconic figures in jazz, such as Louis Armstrong and Billie Holiday, used their platforms to speak out on issues affecting the African American community, further solidifying jazz's role as a significant form of expression for resilience and resistance. This rich history connects the genre deeply with African American identity and the fight for civil rights, reinforcing its importance as a cultural and artistic form in conveying these experiences.